Debt reduction will be a top priority for Chinese developers until 2023 and many of them are actively taking steps to lower their liabilities as they do not want to come under further scrutiny from regulators who are determined to improve the sector’s financial health, say analysts.
With most developers reducing borrowings and trimming debt, market observers also expect mainland Chinese real estate companies to be less aggressive in their expansion plans as their profit margins have been squeezed by a series of cooling measures to curb price growth.
“Deleveraging will certainly be a focus among developers who are worried about being targeted by regulators,” said Alvin Cheung Chi-wan, associate director at Prudential Brokerage. Chinese developers would also like to avoid the fate that has befallen China Evergrande, he added.
Since China introduced the “three red lines” in August last year, mainland developers have taken measures to get their house in order in line with the requirements. These limit borrowings by defining thresholds on liability-to-asset ratio at 70 per cent, net debt-to-equity ratio of 100 per cent, and cash-to-short-term debt multiple of more than one time. Failure to meet these “red lines” cuts off access to new bank loans.
Those who flunked the test, including China Evergrande, have until 2023 to meet these criteria as policymakers seek to control house prices, manage land markets and rein in lending to the sector. Real estate companies that successfully fulfil all three requirements will be tagged “green”.
“We aim to turn ‘green’ by the first half of 2023,” said Mo Bin, president of Country Garden, after the company on Tuesday reported a 4.2 per cent rise in core earnings to 15.22 billion yuan (US$2.5 billion) for the six months to June.
The mainland’s largest developer by sales also reduced its net debt ratio to 49.7 per cent from 55.6 per cent a year ago. However, its liability-to-asset ratio stands at 78.5 per cent, according to Beike Research Institute’s post-results analysis of Chinese property firms.
Country Garden’s total loans stood at 324.24 billion yuan on June 30, a decline of 5.2 per cent from a year ago. The group continues to optimise its borrowing structure by exchanging expensive debts with lower cost options, it said after the results.
This year, Country Garden pre-paid US$1.2 billion of bonds with interest rates of between 4.75 per cent and 7.125 per cent with senior notes carrying interest rates of 2.7 per cent to 3.3 per cent. China Evergrande’s financial health, however, remains a major concern. Since the launch of the deleveraging campaign, the Shenzhen-based developer has taken steps to cut debt, which includes selling stakes in subsidiaries and assets.
This has resulted in its debts falling to nearly 570 billion yuan as of end June from a peak of 870 billion yuan in 2020. While its net debt-to-equity ratio has dropped below 100 per cent, it still exceeds two other thresholds.
“China Evergrande is some way off from meeting [all] the three red lines, and hence may have been under closer scrutiny from regulators than other developers,” said Adrian Cheng, senior director of Asia-Pacific corporates team at Fitch Ratings.
China Resources Land and Logan Group, which announced their interim results on Wednesday, had moved into the “green” zone, according to Beike’s analysis.
China Resources Land, which reported an 18.3 per cent rise in first-half core interim profit to 9.91 billion yuan, had a debt-to-asset ratio of 60.9 per cent, net gearing ratio of 37.4 per cent and cash-to-short-term debt of 2.7 times, Beike said.
Logan Group, which saw its core earnings increase 4.6 per cent to 5.58 billion yuan in the first half, had a debt-to-asset ratio of 69 per cent, net gearing of 60.8 per cent and cash-to-short-term debt of 1.85 times. Beike said.
While Chinese builders have been focusing on cutting debt, their profit margins have been eroded by selling homes at discounts to shore up cash flows.
Guangzhou R&F Properties, which cut its total debt by 5 per cent to 331.8 billion yuan as of end June, said gross profit margins declined to 22.3 per cent, from 33.5 per cent a year ago because of adjustments to the average selling price to speed up sales. Its net profit fell 19 per cent to 3.18 billion yuan in the six months to June 30.
Rival China Vanke reported an 11.7 per cent decline in net income to 11.05 billion yuan in the first half, as gross margin from property development and related assets shrunk to 18 per cent from 24 per cent, according to its filing late Sunday.
“We believe the period of fast expansion seen in the past few years is coming to an end, as the government is focused on controlling the growth of the sector and the risk of high leverage spilling over to the overall financial system,” said Fitch Ratings’ Cheng.
